An Overview of Gothic Literature

Gothic literature got its start in 1764 when HoraceAnother sub-genre is known as Southern Gothic. This
Walpole wrote "The Castle of Otranto." Walpole'ssub-genre takes traditional Gothic elements and plants
story contained all the elements that define the genre.them in the Southern United States.
Throughout the years, many authors have taken theirTo have a novel known as "Gothic," its got to follow a
stab at writing Gothic literature, putting their own uniqueset of rules. First, the setting takes place in a castle, or
stamp on it.if the story is set in America, an old family estate.
Ann Radcliffe, writing in 1794, gave the genre a senseThat's what makes Southern Gothic so appealing,
of legitimacy when she questioned the supernaturalbecause an old plantation can be used. The estate, be
elements, explaining them away as natural causes.it a castle, mansion, or plantation, can sometimes be
She also introduced the brooding villain, who by the endabandoned, sometimes occupied, or it can be near
of the story, is revealed to the hero.caves to augment a mystery and may often contain
Mary Shelley, the author of Frankenstein, was definitelysecret passages, trap doors, and mysterious rooms.
influenced by Gothic elements, but her novel isNext, the novel has to carry an atmosphere of
considered the one of the first science fiction novels tomystery and suspense. In the recent novel, "The
be written.Thirteenth Tale," there's an atmosphere of mystery
Another influential author in the Gothic tradition wasbuilt up around the parentage of the twins, "Emmeline
Edgar Allen Poe. In "The Fall of the House Usher," heand Adelaine."
explored such classic Gothic themes of decay, death,There's usually an ancient prophecy involved along
and madness, but he added his own twist - he lookedwith omens and visions. In "The Thirteenth Tale" the
into the terrors of the soul.storyteller tells Margaret that there's a third girl which
Also writing during Poe was Emily Bronte. "Wutheringfollows Emmeline and Adeline around, referring to her
Heights," explored Gothic elements on the Yorkshireas a vision.
Moors through the brooding "Heathcliff" character andThere are usually supernatural events which occur in
is still a favorite today.gothic fiction. It doesn't matter if they are given a
With Bram Stroker's "Dracula," the most famousnatural explanation or not, the event is what's
Gothic villain ever was created. He also establishedimportant.
Eastern Europe as a favorite locale for the genre.Other elements in Gothic literature include high emotion,
More recently, in the 1930's, HP Lovecraft has beenwomen in distress, a powerful or tyrannical male figure
connected with the genre, blending the Gothic withand metonymies - metaphors like rain which is used to
horror, setting a new bar for writers.represent something else, like sorrow.
Romance has also been mixed with the Gothic genre.If you're thinking of exploring the genre, read a couple
During the 1950's, 60's, and 70's, such authors asof books first to get the "feel" for it. It can be fun to
Victoria Holt and Dorothy Fletcher focused on thewrite for, but the plot and pacing must be tight for the
female and her connection to a gloomy castle.story to be successful.